Pardus:Installation2008
From PardusWiki
Installation of Pardus 2008
Introduction
This is a manual about the installation of Pardus 2008 next to Windows on your computer.
This manual is based on Pardus_2008.1_Hyaena_hyaena_[Int].iso from ftp://ftp.pardus.org.tr/pub/pardus/kurulan/2008.1/
This manual is also valid for Pardus-2008.2-Canis-aureus-International.iso from http://www.pardus.org.tr/eng/
When you apply this manual, you get a PC, on which you get the choice of
Pardus
or
Windows
to start at power-up of the PC.
Warning
When you plan to install Pardus Linux together with Windows (a so-called dualboot system), it is advisable to have Windows already installed before you install Pardus.
In order to install Pardus it is necessary to resize the Windows partition. Although this process is nearly always without a problem, it is highly recommended to make a backup of your personal data on the Windows partition.
Look here for a manual on how to image(backup) a partition/disk to a remote computer.
Starting the installation CD
Start your computer from CD. When this is not happening, you have to change the boot priority setting in your bios.As there are many bios versions, it is impossible to give a general rule how to enter the bios settings. Most of the time it is done by continuously pressing the DEL, F2, F10 or ESC key at startup. Look in the Boot tab and change the priority setting of the CD and HDD. Save the change and restart.
The installation
Yali (Yet Another Linux Installer) is the installation program of Pardus. You don't need to be a Linux expert (although it doesn't harm....) to install Pardus with the help of Yali on your computer. For the starting Linux user it will be very easy to do.
Hint: connect and power up all equipment to your compurer .
Language selection
At [1] an active timer is shown. After ~10 seconds the the installation of Pardus 2008.1 will continue.
The Linux kernel is loaded and some other stuff. It will take some seconds before the next screen is shown, so be patient.
The next is only valid if you use a previous version of Pardus 2008:
(In the second Yali screen (above) you can set the language with F2 and startoptions with F3..F5. At [1] an active timer is shown. When you wait too long (more than 10 seconds) with pressing a key, the following screens will all be in the Turkish language. After activating F2 the timer will stop, and we can choose the required language. With the arrow-keys go to English (US) and press the Enter-key. The text will change to English and we will see that the second option is 'Boot from Hard Disk', but we go for Pardus 2008 (must be highlighted) and press the Enter-key again.)
License
This screen is about the GPL license of the Pardus software. You can read the GPL license at [2]. If you 'Don't Accept' the license a reboot of the PC will follow.
Of course we will put a mark at Accept [1] and continue at Next[3]
CD Integrity
In this screen we can test [1] for errors on the CD. In order to minimize the change on errors during the installation, it is highly recommended to perform this test. When this check is successful [2], we can continue at [3].
Keyboard selection
At [1] we select the keyboard layout. In box [2] you can test your keyboard. Test especially the non-alphanumeric keys ( $,*, =, / , etc.). When necessary, change the keyboard layout and continue at [3].
Timezone selection
Select your timezone at [1] and continue at [2].
Set Users
At least one user should be added here. Multiple users is also possible, when there are more users, who are going to use this computer. Every user gets its own /home/username directory (this is similar to the "My Documents" directory in Windows).Fill in the "New User" fields at [1].
'Give administrator privileges to this user' check-box [2]
To make system-wide (display driver, samba, software repositories, etc ....) changes you need administrator privileges. You can get these privileges with the root password (see chapter Administrator password) or when "give administrator privileges to this user" check-box has been marked with your user password from [1]. This is to prevent from making the root password known to the users on the system. When this box is left unmarked the User: "root" will be shown in the 'Authentication Required' window (see chapter Network card authentication) and the root password has to be supplied.
Check/uncheck the mark [2] at 'Give administrator privileges to this user". After creating the user at [3], it will be listed in [4].
Auto Login User
Select at [1] the user [2] that is going to be logged-in automatically after starting the PC and continue at [3].
Administrator (super user or root) password
Here [1] we have to enter the password for the system administrator, sometimes called root. As the administator can do anything with the system (even destroy it), it is advisable to select a password which is hard to guess. Continue at [2].
Partitioning method
About this step there is more to explain than the previous steps, especially if you are going to install Pardus next to the already existing Windows on the hard disk.
In this manual the procedure of installing Pardus next to Windows will be explained.
In this screen the available hard disk is shown. Most of the time this will be one hard disk, but more than one hard disk is also possible.
The hard disk must contain one or more partitions. It is not possible to install more than one operating systems in a single partition. If we want to install Pardus next to Windows, we have to make at least a new partition.
At the first option the already existing partition will be resized, and in the free space a single new partition will be created, on which Pardus will be installed. This option has the disadvantage that later upgrading of Pardus will probably give problems. We will NOT take this option.
At the second option all present data (also your Windows data) on the hard will be removed. We will also NOT take this option.
We select the third option [1] and than (with multiple hard disks) the hard disk [2] and continue [3] to the next screen.
Resizing partition
As you can see in the picture above, the hard disk has a single ntfs partition [1]. This is the partition of the existing WindowsXP. This partition occupies the entire disk, and therefore we need to make some free space in order to be able to install Pardus. The minimum required space for the files of Pardus is 5 GB, but more is highly desirable.
The white border [2] shows the selected partition. Resizing is started by selecting the partition and then activating the "Resize Partition" [3] knob.
In the next appearing window [4] you can adjust the size of the partition with the slider [5]. The initial position of this slider is on the minimal (left) size (3.2 GB in this example) for this partition. I have changed the size to 5 GB and activated "Resize" [6] . The result is shown in the next screen.
Creating Swap partition
It is recommended to create a swap partition. Linux uses this swap space when the amount of RAM is a little bit small, or when the data in the RAM has not been used for some time. Many discussions have taken place about the size of the swap space, but my advice is: The amount of RAM + Swap should be a minimum of 1 GB, more doesn't harm in case of intensive calculations (video processing).
As this computer has 500 MB RAM the swap space needs to be a minimum of 500 MB. The free space needs to be selected [1]. With the pull down menu [2] we select "as Swap Space (optional)", and with the slider [3] set the size to ~500 MB. After activating [4], the result is shown in the next screen.
Creating System partition
For the system files we need to create a partition of 3600 MB minimum. More doesn't hurt but making it larger than 7 GB isn't very useful. In this case I am going to create a partition of 5 GB. The procedure is the same as creating the swap partition with different Size: ~5000 MB [1] and Use: "as Pardus System Files (mandatory)" [2]. After activating [3], the result is shown in the next screen.
Creating User partition
The remaining free space is used to create the user (/home/.....) partition. In this partition the data of the user(s) is stored. At Use: "as User Files (optional)" [1] must be shown and size is automatically the remaining space. After activating [2], the result is shown in the next screen.
Partition overview
Here we see an overview of the partitions. Nothing has been written to the hard disk yet, so it is still possible to undo everything with "Reset All Changes" [1]. After selecting "Next" [2] the bootloader screen appears..
Bootloader
This is the last important step before installation begins. The bootloader (Grub) is a program which is started immediately after power-up of the computer. It gives us the choice which operating system (Pardus or Windows) should start. In most cases it is installed in the MBR (Main or Master Boot Record) of the first hard disk. Unless you know what you are doing a mark should be at [1]. Up to the next [2] screen.
Setup overview
Here we see an overview of our changes. By activating "Begin Install" [1] the partition table is written to the hard disk and the installation process of Pardus is started. During this installation a slide show and a progression bar is shown.
Installing Pardus
The installation of Pardus will take about 30 minutes, depending on the speed of your computer. The progression bar will go from 0% -> 100% twice. The first time during installation and the second time during configuration of the packages. The configuration will go faster than the installation. When this process has finished, the next screen will appear.
Restart
After selecting the "Next" [1] button, a pop-up window [2] will appear. Remove the CD in order to prevent a restart of your computer from the CD.
When we don't succeed in removing the CD, the computer will again start from the CD and the first image in this manual will appear. In this case, select the second option (from the top) and the computer will start from the hard disk.
In the first (bootloader) screen we select Pardus to start. This first start of Pardus will be very slow as some configuration has to be done, but later starts will be very fast.
When you have not enabled automatic login at "Auto Login User", a Login window will appear in which you will of course do this.
After the first start
Only after this first start of Pardus the program Kaptan Desktop will automatically be launched, in which you can configure some settings, like the use of left or right hand mouse, style and appearance of the desktop and (more important) the settings of the network connection. Also the automatic update system is configured in Kaptan. (It is only possible to start Kaptan again with: Alt+F2 and enter 'kaptan')
As the majority of Kaptan depends on your personal taste I will only explain Network and Package below.
Network card selection
In Ethernet network the available network cards and in Wireless network the available wireless devices are shown. Select the appropriate one [1] and then +Create [2].
Network card configuration
At [1] you can change the name of the connection and select Apply [2]. Because this is a change which requires root privileges, the 'Authentication Required' window will appear.
Network card authentication
Enter at [1] the password of the user shown after User:. To prevent this window from appearing again every time you want to configure a network, put a mark at [2] and [3] and then select [4].
(This window will appear with every action which require administrator privileges.)
Network card activation
Put a mark at [1] and an IP address [2] will appear after a few seconds. At the same time a pop-up window [3] will appear for a few seconds.
Automatic updates
Put a mark at [1] and [2] and after every 12 hours CPU-time a pop-up window (see below) will appear when there are updates available. If you want to install additional available packages, put a mark at [3].
In order to get the latest updates and to install packages from the contrib repository right-click on the Package Manager icon in the system-tray and select Update > All.
Available updates
This window will not disappear unless you select 'Show Updates or 'Ignore'.
Additional language adjustment
Have a look in:
Pardus -> Tasma -> System -> Login Manager -> Locale Language:
and
Pardus -> Tasma -> Regional & Accessibitity -> Country/Region & Language -> Locale -> Default
